giordano



Patented Aug. 23, |898.

G. GIORDANO.

NON-REFILLABLE BOTTLE.

(Application led June B, 1897.)

(No Model.)

/NVENTORI TNENDRIS PETERS GO.A PHOTGLITHO', WASHINGTON, D. C.

` Patented Aug. 23, |898. N- 609507' f G. GIORDANO.

NUN-REFILLABLE BOTTLE.

(Application filed June s, 1897.)

(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

PATENT GEREMIA GIORDANO, OF TURIN, ITALY.

NON-REFILLABLE BOTTLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. A609,507`,1 datedAugust 23, 10898.

Application filed' June 1897. Serial No. 639,826. (lilo model.) Patentedin ItalyDecember9,1896,1Tos.` I13,028 and 43,029; in Austria February 2,1897, No. l17/367;` in France April 13, 1897,11'0. 262,929; in HungaryMay 7,1897, No. 8,280; in Belgium May 31, 1897, No. 128,173; in SpainJune 15, 1897, No. 20,864, and in Brazil June 25, 1897, No. 2,299.

To @ZZ whom, t may concer-rt:

Beit known that I, GEREMIA GIORDANO, a subjectof the King of Italy,residing in Turin, in the Province of Turin, Italy, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Non- Reiillable Bottles, (thesame being the subject-matter of Letters Patent in Italy, Nos. 43,028and 43,029, dated December 9, 1896; in Austria, No. L17/367, datedFebruary 2, 1897; in Spain, No. 20,864, dated June 15, 1897; in Brazil,No". 2,299, dated June 25,1897; in Belgium, No. 128,173, dated May 31,1897; in France, No. 262,929, dated April 13, 1897, and in Hungary, No.8,280, dated May 7, 1897,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to non-refillable bottles or special bottles ofglass, crystal, or any other substance, of any dimensions whatsoever,for containing liquids, and fitted with an interior mechanism whichcannot be taken out again, and provides certain improvements wherebywhen the said bottles are once emptied by pouring out their contentsthey ca nnot be refilled in any way.

The invention forming the object of the present application has beenadapted by me to two diiferent'types of bottles, in which the system ofaffl'xing the mechanism to the bottle is the same, but the interiormechanism differs substantially in the two cases and 4will behereinafter explained.

My invention 'provides certain improvements which will be fullyhereinafter explained with reference to the accompanying drawings,whichillustrate certain adaptations of my improvements, and in which--Figures 1, 7, 8, and 9 are fragmentary axial sections of the bottle.Fig. 2 is a fragmentary axial and cross-section of its head. Fig. 3 is aside and topview of'the valve. Fig. 4 is a cross-sction of the headofthe bottle. Fig. 5 is an axial section and plan view of the stopper-cap;and Fig. 6 is an axial and cross-section of the safety-stopper, a sideand end view of the locking-block, and aface and edge view of itsspring. Fig. 1EL is a section of the bottle, illustrating amodification. Fig. 2` is a side and top view of` the valve. Fig. 3' isasection, side, and top view of the stop-cap; and

Fig. Lla is an axial and cross-section of the stopper.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive, I will now describe in detail theconstruction therein shown. i Type of speo'iolbozftle with flat 'ual/Ueof conical body, stop-cap, cmd safety-stopper.-This type-is shown inFig. 1, which represents the vertical section of one of these bottleswith all the parts of the mechanism in position. It is composed o f abottle A, a flat valve with conical body B, a stop-cap C, andasafetyvstopper D.

Bottle-This is formed (see Fig. 1) f a bottle, of glass, crystal, orporcelain, of any desired shape, the neck of which terminates in asectional enlargement of slightly-conical (truncated) form, open at thetop and provided with a circular hole a at its lower base, which base isperfectly level. y lateral walls of this enlargement are situated tworecesses (or parallelepiped notches) b, Fig. 1, which, viewed from thefront and in section along the plane c m, appear, as at b, in Fig. 2.`These recesses are intendedto receive, when the stopper D isattachedwto the bottle, a part of the two small imprisoned blocks c,Fig. 1, also of glass, crystal, or porcelain, which, as will behereinafter explained, impelled by two small springs and issuing in partfrom similar recesses k, formed in the safety-stopper l), are retainedcaptive between the neck of the bottle and the said stopper andAeectually prevent the removal of the latter, and consequently theremoval of the mechanism of the bottle. The enlargement of the neck ofthe bottle is provided on the outside with a circular ledge CZ in orderthat the bottle may be utilized, when once empty, by excisin g theportion above the said ledge.

FZdt'vaZ/oe wt'thoonicol b0`cZy.-,-The flat valve with conical body B,Fig. 1, (shown in vertical and horizontal projection in Fig. 3,) is apiece of glass or crystal or porcelain in the form of a cone, having atthe lower extremity an annular ledge e, which constitutes the partactually performing the functions of a valve in the mechanism. This hatvalve rests In the innerV ,mechanism.

in its normal position on the flat base of the enlargement in the neckof the bottle, and its dimensions are such that in whatever position itrests on this base it completely covers the central aperture a ofcommunication with the interior of the bottle, as is seen in Fig. 4,where the ledge e is represented by the dotted circular line. Thisproperty of the valve is of very great importance in the comprehensionof the method of acting of the The ledge e offers the advantage ofpresenting an easily-leveled bearingsurface of minimum extent, thelatter being a very important advantage, since it presents a minimum ofresistance to the disengagement of the valve by its own weight and bythe pressure of the liquid above which tends to fall down. The valve ismade hollow in order that it may have nearly the same speciiic gravityas the liquid, and consequently may be regarded almost as floating inthe latter, which condition is essential, as ywill be subsequently seen,to the action of the mechanism in order to prevent the introduction,even under low pressures, of liquid into the bottle whencompletelyinverted. Externally the valve is provided on its lateralsloping surface with a number of protuberances arranged in two circles,one above and the other below, designed to preserve a hollow spacebetween the valve itself and the stop-cap in orderto allow of thepassage of the liquid when the bottle is inverted for emptying, and alsointended to reduce the friction between the valve and the interiorsurface of the stopcap.

Siop-cap.-This very important part C, Fig. l, of the mechanism serves asa constant guide for the valve during its movements and also as aprotector of the same. Shown in detail in Fig. 5, it presents a conicalinterior surface similar in angle to that of the valve and is piercedwith several lateral openings g for the free passage of the liquidarranged in such manner that the protuberances on the valve can not,durin g the movement of the latter,en gage therein, as is shown in Figs.l and 7, where the openings are beyond the limits of movement of theprotuberances. It is also surmounted by a cylindrical enlargement h,intended to prevent the possibility of the valve being held away fromits plane of support by intercepting any iron wire or other meansattempted for this purpose to be applied froln the outside when thebottle is inverted. Safety-stopper. -Th e safety-stopper D, Fig. l, isalso made of glass, crystal, or porcelain, and serves to maintain inposition the other parts of the mechanismi. e., the valve and thecorresponding stop-cap-and is represented in section in Fig. 6. It ispenetrated by a central aperture t' and a passage or chamber z, -and onthe outside of the stem is provided with two recesses (or parallelepipednotches) 7c, similar to those in the neck of the bottle, but a littledeeper. Into these recesses are introduced two small springs of steel orother elastic material Z and two small blocks of glass, crystal, orporcelain c, which, under the pressure of the iinger, are forcedentirely within the recesses in the stopper, but which when the stopperis inserted in the neck of the bottle and the small blocks are liberatedare projected forward by the pressure of the springs directly theyarrive opposite the recesses in the neck, so that they are held captiveon the one hand for one half their thickness by the recesses in the neckand on the other hand for the other half by the stopper, while the smallsprings assume a position of repose. In this manner the small blocksthus imprisoned engage with the neck and the stopper and absolutelyprevent the removal of the latter unless the bottle is broken.

Method ofllz'ng the hottie cmd inserting the mechanism-Then the bottlehas been thoroughly rinsed and clean ed,the liquid is poured in, thevalve is put in position and covered with the stop-cap, and,lastly, thestopper, in the recesses of which have previously been inserted the twosmall springs Z and the two small blocks c, the latterheld in place -bytwo fingers of one hand, is pushed into its place until the two smallblocks are opposite the corresponding recesses in the neck of the bottle,whereupon, impelled by the springs, they partially enter theserecesses and remain imprisoned between the neck and the stopper, therebyfastening the mechanism to the bottle. The central aperture t of thestopper should be closed by a cork or stopper or other material.

Working-From the detailed description the method of working themechanism in order to permit of the extraction of the liquid containedin the bottle and to prevent the refilling of the bottle once emptiedwith a fresh adulterated liquid will be perfectly understood.

Fig. '7 shows the bottle totally or almost totally inverted, in whichthe valve, forced by the supernatant liquid, retreats into the interiorof the corresponding stop-cap, and the liquid escaping by way of theaperture d, which is uncovered by the valve B, passes between the valveand the inner surface of the stop-cap, thence through the holes g in thelatter, and issues from the bottle by way of the chamber ,e and openingt' in the stopper.

Fig. 8 shows the empty bottle inverted and an attempt being made tointroduce a liquid therein either under low or high pressure. The valveB, almost floating on the surface, however low the pressure, rises, andin whatever manner it encounters its seat its plane annular projectingledge e always covers up the aperture a, preventing the introduction ofthe liquid.

When the empty bottle is inclined before its axis takes up a horizontalposition, as is seen in Fig. 9, the valve, resting with its lowerprotuberance on the inner conical surface of the stop-cap, slidesbackward thereon by its own weight and, keeping the plane of its pro-IOO IIO

jecting ledge always parallel to that of the base-plate of the neck,falls thereon and conceals the aperture a, thus preventing admission ofliquid to the bottle. In raising the bottle from this position totheVertical the valve,V with its ledge e, always remains in contact withits seat, the aperture a is kept constantly closed, and it will be foundimpossible to introduce liquids into the bottle.

llfoclzficu'lz'on of the abone-described tjr/pe of bottle- Alwayspreserving substantially unaltered the principle on which the first typeof bottle described above is based several. slight modifications may bemade in the various details ofthe mechanism, as is demonstrated by theother figures of the drawings, in order to vary the shape of the neck ofthe bottle and to facilitate the construction in glass of the differentparts of the mechanism. Referring to Figs. l"L to t, inclusive, I willnow describe in detail the modifications therein shown: Fig. l0L shows avertical sect-ion of the bottle in which the various parts of themechanism are already in position. The body of the bottle A is in shapesimilar to that shown and described in the first type'of bottle, withthe sole difference that the neck is rather more elongated, continuing,however, to presentthe same characteristics. The valve B' (shown insection in Fig. l and given in vertical and horizontal projection inFig.

T) has a circular projecting ledge f in place of the upper circle ofprotuberances in the before-described type of bottle. The stopcap C',shown in section along the plane cutting the axis of its perforations inFig. l, as well as in section along the plane perpendicular to theforegoing and in horizontal and vertical projection in Fig. 3, issimilar to the stop-cap considered before, except that it is pierced byonly two holes g', almost trapezoidal in form, with a narrow extension ytoward the top, this narrow vextension, in correspondence with whichworks the circular projection f of the valve, being made in order thatthe liquid, when the bottle is in an inverted position, may entirelyescape, or nearly so, from inside the stop-cap, and so prevent the valvefrom resting inert at the bottom of the stop-cap by reason of the liquidthat might be left therein causing adhesion to the valve. The uppercylindrical part h of the stop-cap has two small lateral projections o,directed toward the solid walls w, between the two apertures or holes gof the stop-cap. The safety-stopper D', differing little from the onepreviously described, is shown in Fig. 4a. In addition to the centralaperture t" and the recesses 7c for the small blocks c it has also twoslits or openings e" in diametricallyl opposite positions, serving tocontain in their lower. portion the projections o of the stop-cap inorder to prevent the rotation of the latter in relation to the stopper.The upper parts of these openings e', (see Fig. l2) which remainuncovered after the introduction of the upper stem h of the stop-capinto the central aperture of the stopper, serve as outlet-passages forthe liquid from the under part of the neck into the central channel t"of the stopper, whence the liquid can issue freely from the bottle. Thisarrangement of the parts of' the mechanism is such that, though an ironwire or other instrument introduced with fraudulent intention into theinterior of the bottle may, it is true, enter by the openings in thestopperinto the lower part of the neck, it will', however, in issuingtherefrom, abut against the solid side walls w of the stop-cap, and

thus be absolutely prevented from penetrating the interior of the latterfor the purpose of holding the valve away from its seat.

Consideration I. nIt should be stated that the valves of both types ofbottle have been made hollow in order that they maybe of the vsameweight as the liquid and almost oat therein. This does not prevent theemployment of solids and heavy valves for very thick and viscous liquidsin order to insure their freedom of movement and prevent their remainingquiescent in the interior ofthe bottle.

Consideration lI.-lt should be remarked that these two types of bottlemay be adapted to vessels of any dimensions whatsoever, from demijohnsand very large bottles downto small bottles and flasks, and inparticular the first-described type to very large bottles and thesecond-described type to small ones, and that consequently the questionin its widest application is solved, and the method may be applied toindustries concerned with liquids-such as liquors, special wines,remedies, and perfumeson a very large scale, guaranteeing protection tosuch industries from invasion by highly-ruinous falsifications.

It will be seen that the valve-seat, which is represented as forming anintegral part with the bottle, need not necessarily be thus constructed,as it is apparent that it would suflice to use a ring which could beunited to the bottle in any suitable way; also, that the stop-cap C andthe safety-stopper D, which are shown as formed of two distinct pieces,are not necessarily thus formed, and can be varied in form orconstruction in such manner as circumstances render"- desirable, andthat they need notrise entirely to the top of the neck of the bottle,but may be entirely contained within the neck and sufficiently below themouth to leave room above them for the insertion of an ordinary cock.Also to facilitate the construction of the bottle it will be understoodthat the recesses in the neck may be formed as a single continuouscircular channel for receiving the lockingblocks, and that these blocksmay be of any suitable form, such as one or two cylindrical blocks or acircular spring cut or openedl.v

Having now described the nature of my invention, I declare that what Iclaim isl. The combination with a bottle and with a ICO IIO

stop-cap and safety-stopper, of a plane valve having a conical body withan annular projection below, and external protuberances arranged in twocircles in such manner that when the valve slides they will not engagein the holes of the stop-cap, and of almost identical Weight with theliquid so that when the bottle, being empty, is held in an invertedposition and an attempt is made to introduce a liquid, the valve willrise and close the aperture forming the mouth of the bottle, and wheninstead, the bottle is held horizontally the valve, guided constantly bythe inner conical surface of the stop-cap, slides backward and fallswith its projecting ledge onto its seat, thus covering the aforesaidaperture.

2. The combination of a bottle having a plane surface, with a valvehaving a projecting ledge seating on said surface, a safetystopper, astop-cap with an inner conical surface of the same angle as the conicalbody of the valve, with lateral apertures for the escape of the liquidarranged in such a manner however that during the movements of the valveits different protuberances do not engage with these apertures and witha cylindrical enlargement at the top to prevent any iron wire or otherinstrument introduced through the hole in the stopper from reaching sofar as to touch the valve and prevent its movement, the stop-cap servingas a constant guide for the valve which either remains withdrawn withinthe bottom of the cap when the bottle is completely or nearly inverted,or slides on the lower portion of the inner surface of the cap, when thebottle is made to assume, with its axis, a horizontal position, andwhich falls with its annular projecting ledge against the plane surfaceof support on the neck of the bottle thus completely concealing thecentral aperture and leaving no position of the bottle wherein if anattempt be made to introduce liquid the valve does not cover theinterior mouth thereof.

3. The bottle having the prolongation of the neck in combination with astopper, which surrounds with its central aperture the cylindricalenlargement of the stop-cap, which has two slits or apertures thatcorrespond to the solid part of the stop-cap which stop-cap is fixed inthe stopper by means of the two lateral projections on the upperenlargement of the stop-cap engaging in the aforesaid apertures, andwhich allows free passage for the liquid, but prevents the introductionof an iron wire or other instrument into the interior cavity of the capin order to encounter therein the valve during the movement of thelatter.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

GEREMIA GIORDANO` Witnesses:

GUY. MARIO CAPNENI, ARNZO. PYZOLI.

